MLB Odds (VT, US)

MLB Season: Mar – OctIn Season
SeasonOff-SeasonCurrent Month

August 2026

28 matches · 3 days

Tue, Aug 259 matches
Boston Red Sox@Miami Marlins
10:40 PM
Tampa Bay Rays@Detroit Tigers
10:41 PM
Colorado Rockies@Washington Nationals
10:46 PM
Kansas City Royals@Toronto Blue Jays
11:08 PM
Houston Astros@New York Yankees
11:10 PM
Milwaukee Brewers@New York Mets
11:11 PM
Los Angeles Dodgers@Atlanta Braves
11:16 PM
Texas Rangers@Chicago White Sox
11:41 PM
Baltimore Orioles@St. Louis Cardinals
11:46 PM
Wed, Aug 2618 matches
Cleveland Guardians@Los Angeles Angels
1:38 AM
Minnesota Twins@Oakland Athletics
1:40 AM
Philadelphia Phillies@Seattle Mariners
1:40 AM
Chicago Cubs@Arizona Diamondbacks
1:40 AM
Pittsburgh Pirates@San Diego Padres
1:42 AM
Cincinnati Reds@San Francisco Giants
1:46 AM
Tampa Bay Rays@Detroit Tigers
5:11 PM
Chicago Cubs@Arizona Diamondbacks
7:41 PM
Cincinnati Reds@San Francisco Giants
7:46 PM
Cleveland Guardians@Los Angeles Angels
8:08 PM
Pittsburgh Pirates@San Diego Padres
8:11 PM
Philadelphia Phillies@Seattle Mariners
8:11 PM
Boston Red Sox@Miami Marlins
10:41 PM
Kansas City Royals@Toronto Blue Jays
11:08 PM
Milwaukee Brewers@New York Mets
11:11 PM
Los Angeles Dodgers@Atlanta Braves
11:16 PM
Texas Rangers@Chicago White Sox
11:41 PM
Baltimore Orioles@St. Louis Cardinals
11:46 PM
Thu, Aug 271 match
Minnesota Twins@Oakland Athletics
1:06 AM

28 upcoming matches and outright odds across 30 competitors.

We compare MLB odds across 10 bookmakers in VT, United States

BetAnySportsBetOpenlyDraftKingsFanaticsFanDuelFliffKalshiNovigPolymarketReBet

Get these odds overlaid directly on Fanatics, FanDuel, Fliff, and more.

Sportsbook Bonuses in VT, United States

OddsGuard tracks the latest sportsbook promotions available in VT, United States. Click any offer to claim it — all links are verified daily.

DraftKings
Site Credit
$1,000

Get a 20% Deposit Bonus up to $1,000 in DK Dollars

Register a new DraftKings Sportsbook account, opt-in using a promo code or clicking the appropriate link/button, and make a qualifying deposit of $5 or more.

Min. Deposit: $5Wagering: 25xMin. Odds: +1.33
Fanatics
Cashback
$1,000

Get up to $1,000 Matched in FanCash

Sign up as a new customer and place your first bet each day for 10 consecutive days to receive a 100% match up to $100 in FanCash per day.

Valid For: 10 days
Fliff
Bundle
Get $50

Spend $5, Get $50 in Free Play + 100% Match up to $100

Spend $5 on Fliff to receive $50 in free play and a 100% deposit match up to $100

Min. Deposit: $5
Fanatics
Cashback
$50,000

Bet $5+ on an Anytime Home Run Hitter & Win a Share of the $50K FanCash Jackpot

Place a $5+ bet on an Anytime Home Run Hitter market on any eligible MLB game

Fanatics
Site Credit
$1,000

Get up to $1,000 in FanCash (100% Bet Match up to $100/day for 10 Days)

Sign up as a new customer and place qualifying bets each day for 10 days to receive a 100% match in FanCash up to $100 per day.

Valid For: 10 days
Fanatics
Bonus Bet
Get $350

Bet $20, Get $350 in Bonus Bets

Place a $20 bet on college basketball

T&Cs apply. Play responsibly. Offers subject to change.

OddsGuard delivers comprehensive MLB odds comparison for Vermont bettors, tracking lines from regulated sportsbooks including DraftKings and FanDuel. With online sports betting legal and regulated in Vermont, bettors can access real-time line movement and identify the best available odds across licensed operators without leaving the state's regulated framework.

Baseball runs deep in Vermont's sports culture, with Red Sox Nation extending well into the Green Mountain State. The rivalry dynamics between Boston and New York create particularly sharp betting interest during Yankees-Red Sox series, while the summer baseball calendar aligns perfectly with Vermont's tourism season. MLB odds Vermont markets show consistent handle on Red Sox games, though savvy bettors know that emotional attachment and sharp line shopping don't mix—which makes OddsGuard's neutral comparison essential for finding closing line value.

What is OddsGuard?

OddsGuard is a free browser extension that overlays real-time odds from 75 sportsbooks directly on the betting site you're already using. No extra tabs, no subscription, no account required.

How it works

  1. 1Install the free extension (10 seconds)
  2. 2Open any supported sportsbook (DraftKings, Bet365, FanDuel, etc.)
  3. 3See better prices highlighted automatically on every bet
Free forever No registration Privacy first
sportsbook.com/futures
Super Bowl Winner
Chiefs+450
+$12
Eagles+600
+2.1% EV
Bills+800
BEST
Lions+900
BEST
49ers+1000
+$8
Ravens+1100
BEST
Bengals+1400
+0.8% EV
Cowboys+1600
+$12

OddsGuard overlay — badges appear automatically on your sportsbook

Upcoming Matches

Tuesday

Miami Marlins vs Boston Red Sox

Tue, Aug 25, 10:40 PM

BookmakerMiami MarlinsBoston Red Sox
Best Odds
+233
Polymarket
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+134-152
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-149
DraftKingsDraftKings
+215-250
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+100-115
FliffFliff
+195-270
KalshiKalshi
+117-122
NovigNovig
+182-312
PolymarketPolymarket
+233-256
ReBetReBet

Detroit Tigers vs Tampa Bay Rays

Tue, Aug 25, 10:41 PM

BookmakerDetroit TigersTampa Bay Rays
Best Odds
+99900
Novig
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+117-132
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-120
DraftKingsDraftKings
-10000+2400
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-10000+6500
FliffFliff
+2160
KalshiKalshi
+9900
NovigNovig
+99900
PolymarketPolymarket
-10000+11011
ReBetReBet

Washington Nationals vs Colorado Rockies

Tue, Aug 25, 10:46 PM

BookmakerWashington NationalsColorado Rockies
Best Odds
+1150
Kalshi
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-169+150
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
DraftKingsDraftKings
+950-1667
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+1000-1250
FliffFliff
+805-1429
KalshiKalshi
+1150-1250
NovigNovig
+1150-1250
PolymarketPolymarket
+1150-1250
ReBetReBet

Toronto Blue Jays vs Kansas City Royals

Tue, Aug 25, 11:08 PM

BookmakerToronto Blue JaysKansas City Royals
Best Odds
+1150
Kalshi
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-133+118
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-130
DraftKingsDraftKings
+1000-1667
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+1000-1250
FliffFliff
+840-1667
KalshiKalshi
+1150-1250
NovigNovig
+852-1250
PolymarketPolymarket
+1150-1250
ReBetReBet

New York Yankees vs Houston Astros

Tue, Aug 25, 11:10 PM

BookmakerNew York YankeesHouston Astros
Best Odds
-141
BetOpenly
+456
Kalshi
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-143+127
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-141+125
DraftKingsDraftKings
-526+416
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-476+390
FliffFliff
-526+355
KalshiKalshi
-500+456
NovigNovig
-500+426
PolymarketPolymarket
-500+456
ReBetReBet

New York Mets vs Milwaukee Brewers

Tue, Aug 25, 11:11 PM

BookmakerNew York MetsMilwaukee Brewers
Best Odds
+148
BetAnySports
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+148-167
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+140-161
DraftKingsDraftKings
-588+457
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-556+420
FliffFliff
-625+405
KalshiKalshi
-500+456
NovigNovig
-500+488
PolymarketPolymarket
-500+456
ReBetReBet

Atlanta Braves vs Los Angeles Dodgers

Tue, Aug 25, 11:16 PM

BookmakerAtlanta BravesLos Angeles Dodgers
Best Odds
+141
BetAnySports
+106
Novig
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+141-161
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+135-149
DraftKingsDraftKings
-110-105
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-115+100
FliffFliff
-135-105
KalshiKalshi
-109+104
NovigNovig
-111+106
PolymarketPolymarket
-109+104
ReBetReBet

Chicago White Sox vs Texas Rangers

Tue, Aug 25, 11:41 PM

BookmakerChicago White SoxTexas Rangers
Best Odds
+2900
FanDuel
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-102-110
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
DraftKingsDraftKings
-5000+1980
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-5000+2900
FliffFliff
-5000+1660
KalshiKalshi
-2500+1900
NovigNovig
-3333+2122
PolymarketPolymarket
-3333+1983
ReBetReBet

St. Louis Cardinals vs Baltimore Orioles

Tue, Aug 25, 11:46 PM

BookmakerSt. Louis CardinalsBaltimore Orioles
Best Odds
+12400
Polymarket
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-125+111
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-120
DraftKingsDraftKings
+2300-10000
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+7000-10000
FliffFliff
+2205
KalshiKalshi
+9900
NovigNovig
+6567-10000
PolymarketPolymarket
+12400-10000
ReBetReBet

Today

Los Angeles Angels vs Cleveland Guardians

Wed, Aug 26, 1:38 AM

BookmakerLos Angeles AngelsCleveland Guardians
Best Odds
+138
Novig
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+127-143
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
DraftKingsDraftKings
+131-141
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+130-141
FliffFliff
+130-161
KalshiKalshi
+138-139
NovigNovig
+138-141
PolymarketPolymarket
+138-145
ReBetReBet

Oakland Athletics vs Minnesota Twins

Wed, Aug 26, 1:40 AM

BookmakerOakland AthleticsMinnesota Twins
Best Odds
+138
Novig
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
+130-147
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+138
DraftKingsDraftKings
+137-147
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
+134-145
FliffFliff
+135-169
KalshiKalshi
+138-145
NovigNovig
+138-145
PolymarketPolymarket
+138-145
ReBetReBet

Seattle Mariners vs Philadelphia Phillies

Wed, Aug 26, 1:40 AM

BookmakerSeattle MarinersPhiladelphia Phillies
Best Odds
-106
Novig
+107
BetOpenly
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-112-101
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-109+107
DraftKingsDraftKings
-111+103
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-112+102
FliffFliff
-115-110
KalshiKalshi
-109+104
NovigNovig
-106+104
PolymarketPolymarket
-109+104
ReBetReBet

Arizona Diamondbacks vs Chicago Cubs

Wed, Aug 26, 1:40 AM

BookmakerArizona DiamondbacksChicago Cubs
Best Odds
+100
BetOpenly
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-104-106
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+100
DraftKingsDraftKings
-105-102
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-104-104
FliffFliff
-110-115
KalshiKalshi
+100-104
NovigNovig
-102-102
PolymarketPolymarket
-104+100
ReBetReBet

San Diego Padres vs Pittsburgh Pirates

Wed, Aug 26, 1:42 AM

BookmakerSan Diego PadresPittsburgh Pirates
Best Odds
-123
DraftKings
+122
Polymarket
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-137+121
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+116
DraftKingsDraftKings
-123+115
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-130+120
FliffFliff
-141+110
KalshiKalshi
-127+122
NovigNovig
-125+122
PolymarketPolymarket
-127+122
ReBetReBet

San Francisco Giants vs Cincinnati Reds

Wed, Aug 26, 1:46 AM

BookmakerSan Francisco GiantsCincinnati Reds
Best Odds
+104
Polymarket
BetAnySportsBetAnySports
-108-103
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+100
DraftKingsDraftKings
-105-102
FanaticsFanatics
FanDuelFanDuel
-106-102
FliffFliff
-110-110
KalshiKalshi
-104+100
NovigNovig
-104+102
PolymarketPolymarket
-109+104
ReBetReBet

Detroit Tigers vs Tampa Bay Rays

Wed, Aug 26, 5:11 PM

BookmakerDetroit TigersTampa Bay Rays
Best Odds
-109
Kalshi
+108
Polymarket
DraftKingsDraftKings
-120+100
FanDuelFanDuel
-118+100
FliffFliff
-120-105
KalshiKalshi
-109+104
NovigNovig
-111+104
PolymarketPolymarket
-112+108
ReBetReBet

Arizona Diamondbacks vs Chicago Cubs

Wed, Aug 26, 7:41 PM

BookmakerArizona DiamondbacksChicago Cubs
Best Odds
+100
Polymarket
+100
Kalshi
DraftKingsDraftKings
-112-108
FanDuelFanDuel
-108-108
FliffFliff
-110-110
KalshiKalshi
+100+100
NovigNovig
-106-104
PolymarketPolymarket
+100-104
ReBetReBet

San Francisco Giants vs Cincinnati Reds

Wed, Aug 26, 7:46 PM

BookmakerSan Francisco GiantsCincinnati Reds
Best Odds
-109
Kalshi
+104
Kalshi
DraftKingsDraftKings
-114-106
FanDuelFanDuel
-112-104
FliffFliff
-120-105
KalshiKalshi
-109+104
NovigNovig
-109+102
PolymarketPolymarket
-109+104
ReBetReBet

Los Angeles Angels vs Cleveland Guardians

Wed, Aug 26, 8:08 PM

BookmakerLos Angeles AngelsCleveland Guardians
Best Odds
+127
Kalshi
-127
Kalshi
DraftKingsDraftKings
+119-145
FanDuelFanDuel
+116-135
FliffFliff
+115-141
KalshiKalshi
+127-127
NovigNovig
+122-135
PolymarketPolymarket
+122-127
ReBetReBet

San Diego Padres vs Pittsburgh Pirates

Wed, Aug 26, 8:11 PM

BookmakerSan Diego PadresPittsburgh Pirates
Best Odds
-122
Novig
+117
Polymarket
FanDuelFanDuel
-127+108
FliffFliff
-135+105
KalshiKalshi
-122+117
NovigNovig
-122+117
PolymarketPolymarket
-122+117
ReBetReBet

Seattle Mariners vs Philadelphia Phillies

Wed, Aug 26, 8:11 PM

BookmakerSeattle MarinersPhiladelphia Phillies
Best Odds
+118
BetOpenly
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
+118
DraftKingsDraftKings
+108-130
FanDuelFanDuel
+108-127
FliffFliff
+105-130
KalshiKalshi
+117-122
NovigNovig
+113-122
PolymarketPolymarket
+113-118
ReBetReBet

Miami Marlins vs Boston Red Sox

Wed, Aug 26, 10:41 PM

BookmakerMiami MarlinsBoston Red Sox
Best Odds
+150
Kalshi
-149
Polymarket
DraftKingsDraftKings
+135-164
FanDuelFanDuel
+130-154
FliffFliff
+135-169
KalshiKalshi
+150-156
NovigNovig
+144-154
PolymarketPolymarket
+144-149
ReBetReBet

Toronto Blue Jays vs Kansas City Royals

Wed, Aug 26, 11:08 PM

BookmakerToronto Blue JaysKansas City Royals
Best Odds
-127
Polymarket
+122
Kalshi
FanDuelFanDuel
-132+112
FliffFliff
-141+110
KalshiKalshi
-127+122
NovigNovig
-149+115
PolymarketPolymarket
-127+122
ReBetReBet

New York Mets vs Milwaukee Brewers

Wed, Aug 26, 11:11 PM

BookmakerNew York MetsMilwaukee Brewers
Best Odds
-145
Polymarket
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
-161
DraftKingsDraftKings
+135-164
FanDuelFanDuel
+130-154
FliffFliff
+130-161
KalshiKalshi
+144-145
NovigNovig
+141-149
PolymarketPolymarket
+138-145
ReBetReBet

Atlanta Braves vs Los Angeles Dodgers

Wed, Aug 26, 11:16 PM

BookmakerAtlanta BravesLos Angeles Dodgers
Best Odds
+117
Polymarket
BetOpenlyBetOpenly
DraftKingsDraftKings
+108-130
FanDuelFanDuel
+110-130
FliffFliff
+105-130
KalshiKalshi
+113-122
NovigNovig
+115-118
PolymarketPolymarket
+117-122
ReBetReBet

Chicago White Sox vs Texas Rangers

Wed, Aug 26, 11:41 PM

BookmakerChicago White SoxTexas Rangers
Best Odds
-122
Kalshi
+122
Kalshi
DraftKingsDraftKings
-135+113
FanDuelFanDuel
-130+110
FliffFliff
-135+110
KalshiKalshi
-122+122
NovigNovig
-125+117
PolymarketPolymarket
-127+122
ReBetReBet

St. Louis Cardinals vs Baltimore Orioles

Wed, Aug 26, 11:46 PM

BookmakerSt. Louis CardinalsBaltimore Orioles
Best Odds
+100
Kalshi
+100
Polymarket
DraftKingsDraftKings
-112-108
FanDuelFanDuel
-108-108
FliffFliff
-110-110
KalshiKalshi
+100+100
NovigNovig
-125-122
PolymarketPolymarket
-104+100
ReBetReBet

Tomorrow

Oakland Athletics vs Minnesota Twins

Thu, Aug 27, 1:06 AM

BookmakerOakland AthleticsMinnesota Twins
Best Odds
+127
Novig
-127
Polymarket
DraftKingsDraftKings
+118-143
FanDuelFanDuel
+120-143
FliffFliff
+115-145
KalshiKalshi
+127-133
NovigNovig
+127-135
PolymarketPolymarket
+122-127
ReBetReBet

MLB Winner Odds

CompetitorBest Odds
DraftKingsDraftKings
FanDuelFanDuel
Los Angeles Dodgers
+165
New York Yankees
+750
Milwaukee Brewers
+800
Tampa Bay Rays
+1100
FanDuel
+1100
Atlanta Braves
+1300
Boston Red Sox
+1300
Chicago Cubs
+1400
Philadelphia Phillies
+1600
FanDuel
+1600
Chicago White Sox
+2500
Houston Astros
+3300
FanDuel
+3300
Seattle Mariners
+3500
FanDuel
+3500
San Diego Padres
+4000
FanDuel
+4000
Texas Rangers
+4500
FanDuel
+4500
Cleveland Guardians
+4000
Toronto Blue Jays
+10000
FanDuel
+10000
Minnesota Twins
+10000
FanDuel
+10000
Baltimore Orioles
+12500
FanDuel
+12500
Arizona Diamondbacks
+12500
FanDuel
+12500
Detroit Tigers
+15000
FanDuel
+15000
Colorado Rockies
Miami Marlins
+100000
FanDuel
+100000
Oakland Athletics
Washington Nationals
Pittsburgh Pirates
+100000
FanDuel
+100000
Kansas City Royals
St. Louis Cardinals
+100000
FanDuel
+100000
New York Mets
San Francisco Giants
Los Angeles Angels
Cincinnati Reds
ChantelleVerified Firefox review★★★★★4 months ago
14 verified 5-star reviews on Firefox Add-ons →

MLB Odds Comparison in Vermont

MLB odds in American format center around the moneyline, with favorites showing negative numbers (-150 means bet $150 to win $100) and underdogs displaying positive numbers (+130 means bet $100 to win $130). Run lines typically sit at 1.5 runs, functioning as baseball's point spread, while totals focus on combined runs scored. Vermont bettors should track line movement throughout the day, as MLB markets can shift significantly based on lineup announcements, weather conditions, and sharp money.

Effective MLB betting Vermont strategy involves comparing odds across multiple books before placing wagers. A -120 favorite at one sportsbook might be -115 elsewhere—that five-cent difference compounds over a season. OddsGuard's comparison tool eliminates the need to manually check each operator, displaying real-time lines side by side for efficient decision-making.

How do MLB run line odds work in Vermont?

Run lines give the favorite a -1.5 run handicap and the underdog +1.5 runs. The favorite must win by two or more runs to cover, while the underdog covers by winning outright or losing by one run. These odds shift based on pitching matchups and offensive capabilities.

What's the best time to compare MLB odds Vermont sportsbooks?

Lines typically release the night before games, with the sharpest movement occurring 2-3 hours before first pitch when lineup cards are finalized. Weather reports and late injury news can create valuable line discrepancies between sportsbooks during this window.

Run Line
Baseball's version of the spread, almost always -1.5 / +1.5. The favorite at -1.5 must win by 2+ runs. Unlike football spreads, the run line rarely moves off 1.5.
Over/Under (Game Total)
A bet on combined runs scored by both teams. MLB totals typically range from 7 to 10.5, heavily influenced by starting pitchers, ballpark dimensions, and weather.
First 5 Innings (F5)
A moneyline, spread, or total that only covers the first five innings. Isolates starting pitcher matchups and removes bullpen variance.
NRFI / YRFI
No Run First Inning / Yes Run First Inning. A popular yes/no prop on whether either team scores in the top or bottom of the first inning.
Listed Pitcher
A bet condition where your wager is only valid if the listed starting pitcher actually starts. If a pitcher is scratched, the bet is voided.
Innings Total
Over/under on the total number of innings played, which can exceed 9 in extra-inning games.
Moneyline
A straight-up wager on which side wins. No point spread involved — you simply pick the winner.
Vig (Juice)
The bookmaker's commission built into every line. Standard vig is around -110 on each side, meaning you risk $110 to win $100.
Implied Probability
The likelihood of an outcome as suggested by the odds. For example, -200 implies a 66.7% chance. Comparing implied probability across bookmakers reveals where value exists.
Closing Line Value (CLV)
The difference between the odds you locked in and the odds at the time the market closes. Consistently beating the closing line is the strongest predictor of long-term betting profit.
Line Movement
Changes in odds between when a market opens and when it closes. Driven by sharp money, public betting patterns, injuries, and other news.
Bankroll
The total amount of money you've set aside specifically for betting. Effective bankroll management — typically risking 1-3% per wager — is essential for surviving variance.
Unit
A standardized bet size, typically 1% of your bankroll. Tracking results in units rather than dollars normalizes performance regardless of stake size.
Hedge
Placing a bet on the opposite side of an existing wager to lock in a guaranteed profit or reduce exposure, often used with futures or parlays.
Parlay (Accumulator)
A single bet combining two or more selections. All picks must win for the parlay to pay out. Higher potential return but significantly lower probability.
Futures
Long-term bets on outcomes determined at the end of a season or tournament, such as championship winners, MVP awards, or win totals.
Live Betting (In-Play)
Placing wagers while a game is in progress. Odds update continuously based on score, time remaining, and game flow.
Overround
The total implied probability across all outcomes in a market. An overround above 100% represents the bookmaker's margin. Lower overround means better value for bettors.

Frequently Asked Questions

Stop Leaving Money on the Table

Same Bets. Better Prices. Found Instantly.

The same 4-leg parlay can pay $10,000s more at a different sportsbook. OddsGuard finds the best price across 75 books in real time — replacing tools that charge $200–$600/month.

Free foreverNo registrationNo credit cardUninstall anytime

Best Pricing in Your Region

Best PriceKalshi
Return: $6,359
+6259
Pinnacle
Return: $4,729
+4629
BetOnline
Return: $4,485
+4384
BetUS
Return: $4,136
+4036
Same 4-leg parlay · $2,223 difference